Smart concept in rural tourism: a comparison between two phases (2016-2019)
Conceito inteligente em turismo rural: uma comparação entre dois períodos (2016-2019)
Francisco Javier De la Ballina Ballina
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
Resumo: O Turismo Inteligente é o principal componente dos destinos atuais, mas existem sérias dificuldades para sua aplicação em pequenos destinos, sobretudo no caso do turismo rural. Taramundi é um dos destinos rurais mais importantes da Espanha. Existem dois inquéritos sobre turistas realizados nessa localidade em 2016 e 2019. Esta pesquisa visa obter dados sobre as mudanças no comportamento dos turistas no domínio dinâmico das tecnologias móveis. Os resultados indicam a importância do smartphone para o turismo rural, o crescimento temporário da utilização dos seus utilitários turísticos e, principalmente, as aplicações tecnológicas, que melhoram a fruição da estadia. O turista rural não abandona o uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) pré e pós-viagem, mas o interesse pelas TICs durante a viagem aumenta significativamente. Especificamente, o App of Destiny é o elemento central do turismo rural inteligente, pois ele deve se concentrar no aumento de novas utilidades tecnológicas para os turistas. Na perspectiva de Gretzel (2018), a aplicação do conceito de Destino Turístico Inteligente é impossível no meio rural. No entanto, com uma abordagem de especialização, os destinos rurais devem trabalhar objetivando a “smartification”.
Palavras-chave
Referências
Ballina, F. J. (2019). Smart tourism destination, phygital experience, and rural tourism.
Barbu, I. (2013). The factors appearance and development of rural tourism. Annals of the University of Oradea.
Benckendorff, P., Sheldon, P. J., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2014).
Bethapudi, A. (2015). Role of ICT in promoting a rural tourism product.
Boschma, R. (2014). Constructing regional advantage and smart specialization: comparison of two European policy concepts.
Celdrán-Bernabeu, M. A., Mazón, J. N., Ivars-Baidal, J. A., & Vera-Rebollo, J. F. (2018). Smart tourism. A study on systematic mapping.
Cooper, D. I. A. (2016). The impact of generational change on future demand for tourism experiences. In M. Scerri & L. K. Hui (Editor).
Cunha, C. R., Morais, E. P., & Martins, C. (2018) Can we use big data analytics to leverage tourism in rural tourism destinations? In 32nd International Business Information Management Association Conference – IBIMA 2018. (pp. 145-156). Seville.
Dolnicar, S. (2002). Review of data‐driven market segmentation in tourism.
Femenia, F., Perles, J. F., & Ivars, J. A. (2018). Smart destinations and tech-savvy millennial tourists: hype versus reality.
Garau, C. (2015). Perspectives on cultural and sustainable rural tourism in a smart region: The case study of Marmilla in Sardinia (Italy).
Gretzel, U. (2018). From Smart de3stinations to Smart tourism regions.
Gretzel, U., Ham, J., & Koo, C. (2018). Creating the city destination of the future: The case of smart Seoul. In Y. Wang, A. Shakeela, A. Kwek, C. Khoo-Lattimore.
Hays, S., Page, S. J., & Buhalis, D. (2012). Social media as a destination marketing tool: its use by national tourism organisations. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(3), 211-239.
Ivars, J. A., Celdrán, M. A., Mazón, J. N., & Perles, Á. F. (2017). Smart destinations and the evolution of ICTs: A new scenario for destination management?
Ivars-Baidal, J., & Rebollo, J. F. V. (2019). Planificación turística en España. De los paradigmas tradicionales a los nuevos enfoques: planificación turística inteligente.
Jovicic, J. (2017). From the traditional understanding of tourism destination to the smart tourism destination.
Koo, C., Shin, S., Gretzel, U., Hunter, W. C., & Chung, N. (2016). Conceptualization of smart tourism destination competitiveness.
Luque Gil, A. M., Zayas Fernández, B., & Caro Herrero, J. L. (2015). Los destinos turísticos inteligentes en el marco de la inteligencia territorial: conflictos y oportunidades.
McCann, P., & Ortega, R. (2013). Smart specialization, regional growth, and applications to European Union cohesion policy.
Mora, L., Bolici, R., & Deakin, M. (2017). The first two decades of smart-city research: A bibliometric analysis.
Moscardo, G., & Murphy, L. (2014). There is no such thing as sustainable tourism: re-conceptualizing tourism as a tool for sustainability.
Nkosana, T., Skinner, J., & Goodier, C. (2016). Challenges of ICT adoption and utilization in small rural restaurants: a case study of the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands.
Perles-Ribes, J. F., Ramón-Rodríguez, A., Vera-Rebollo, J. F., & Ivars-Baidal, J. (2017). The end of growth in residential tourism destinations: steady-state or sustainable development? The case of Calpe.
Rodrigues, A., & Ventura, A. (2019). A smart rural project for tourism of Madeira Island.
Saarinen, J., Rogerson, C. M., & Hall, C. M. (2017). Geographies of tourism development and planning.
Santos, M. C., Veiga, C., & Águas, P. (2016). Tourism services: facing the challenge of new tourist profiles.
Sedmak, G., Planinc, T., Kociper, T., & Planinc, S. (2016). Manager’s perceptions of the role of ICT in rural tourism firm’s efficiency: The case of Slovenia.
Shen, S., & Wang, Q. (2018). Innovation Strategy of traditional village tourism development in Liaoning Province under the background of Smart Village Construction. In
Upkabi, D. C., & Karjaluoto, H. (2017). Consumers’ acceptance of information and communications technology in tourism: A review.
Valdés, L., & Del Valle, E. (2003). El turismo rural en Asturias: un desarrollo modélico. In Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación.
Weindenfeld, A. (2018). Tourism diversification and its implications for smart specialization.
Weinstein, A. (2011). Segmenting technology markets: applying the nested approach.
Wilson, S., Fesenmaier, D. R., Fesenmaier, J., & Van Es, J. C. (2001). Factors for success in rural tourism development.
Yan, Y. (2018). Market research and analysis of Smart rural travel in Nanjing on the mobile terminal. In
Yigitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, M., Buys, L., Ioppolo, G., Sabatini-Marques, J., da Costa, E. M., & Yun, J. J. (2018). Understanding “smart cities”: Intertwining development drivers with desired outcomes in a multidimensional framework.
Zavratnik, V., Kos, A., & Duh, E. S. (2018). Smart Villages: Comprehensive review of initiatives and practices.
Zdorov, A. B. (2004).
Submetido em:
02/03/2020
Aceito em:
17/02/2021